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Combined events at the Summer Olympics have been contested in several formats at the multi-sport event. There are two combined track and field events in the current Olympic athletics programme: a men's decathlon and a women's heptathlon. The first men's events came at the 1904 Summer Olympics: a triathlon had long jump, shot put, and 100-yard dash events, while an all-around championship saw athletes compete over ten events, forming the basis for the decathlon.〔(Athletics at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Games: Men's Decathlon ). Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-23.〕 No combined events were held at the subsequent games, but the 1912 Summer Olympics saw the introduction of the modern decathlon event and also a men's pentathlon (which lasted for three games). The first women's event came in 1964 in the form of the women's pentathlon. This was amended to include more two events, becoming the heptathlon at the 1984 Summer Olympics, reflecting the development of women's sport. The Olympic record in the decathlon is 8893 points, set by Czech athlete Roman Šebrle in 2004. Jackie Joyner-Kersee's score of 7291 points to win in 1988 is both the current Olympic and world record for the heptathlon – this remains the only occasion that record has been broken at the Olympics. The men's decathlon world record has had a strong link with the competition, with the Olympic gold medalist breaking the world record in 1928, 1932, 1936, 1952, 1972, 1976, and 1984.〔(12th IAAF World Championships In Athletics: IAAF Statistics Handbook. Berlin 2009 ) (pages 546, 559–60, 649). IAAF (2009). Retrieved on 2011-05-07.〕 Four men have won two Olympic combined event titles. Bob Mathias and Daley Thompson have both won back-to-back decathlon titles, Jim Thorpe won both the decathlon and pentathlon titles in 1912, and Eero Lehtonen won two Olympic pentathlon titles. Jackie Joyner-Kersee is the most successful athlete, having won two Olympic heptathlon titles and, with her further silver medal, is the only combined events competitor to have won three Olympic medals. In 1912, Thorpe was designated the "World's Greatest Athlete" by Gustav V of Sweden and this title is traditionally given to the reigning Olympic decathlon champion in the media.〔(Bryan Clay claims decathlon gold, title as world's greatest athlete )〕〔(Bryan Clay Wins Olympic Decathlon Gold, World's Greatest Athlete Is an American )〕 Thorpe's two gold medals were stripped in 1913 on the grounds that he had broken amateurism rules, but the International Olympic Committee restored him as the champion in 1982 (other medalists were not demoted).〔 The 1906 Intercalated Games, now not considered an official Olympic event, featured an event based on the Ancient Olympic pentathlon, combining four track and field events with a wrestling match. ==Medal summary== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Combined events at the Olympics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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